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=== '''Technical Terms''' ===
Additional technical terms available in the [https://ybfwrb.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/YBTAP-9-2012-FINAL-small.pdf YBTAP], pg. 215-219 (222-226 of the PDF), and the [https://ybfwrb.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/YakimaSteelheadVSPMonitoringPlan.pdf Yakima Steelhead RME Plan VSP Section], pg. 67-71 (71-75 of the doc).
'''Abundance''': In the context of salmon recovery, unless otherwise qualified, abundance refers to the number of fish. For example, "adult abundance" is the number of fish returning to spawn.

'''Abundance''': In the context of salmon recovery, abundance refers to the number of fish. For example, "adult abundance" is the number of fish returning to spawn.

'''''Acoustic Tag''': bigger than PIT tags but bigger range (?)''

'''Acre-foot:''' The volume of water needed to cover an acre of land to a depth of one foot ('''≈'''325,000 gallons), a common unit for quantifying how much water is in our reservoirs

'''Adaptive Management''': Adaptive management in salmon recovery planning is a method of decision making in the face of uncertainty. An overall implementation plan incorporates a monitoring, evaluation, and feedback framework in which the results of actions become feedback on design and implementation of future actions.

'''Adfluvial''': A life history strategy of fish species in which spawning by adults and rearing of juveniles occurs in streams, but subadults and adults live in lakes or reservoirs. ''Contrast with Anadromous, Fluvial.''

'''Alevin:''' Freshly hatched tiny salmonids that still have the yolk sac from their eggs attached to their bellies. Once they have consumed the yolk sac and grown in size, they emerge from their nest gravel (''Redd'') and are considered ''Fry''.

'''Alluvium''': Loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach.

'''Anadromous''': Life history strategy of fish species in which fish are born and rear in freshwater, migrate to and mature in salt water, and return to freshwater to spawn. ''Contrast with Adfluvial, Fluvial.''

* '''Anadromy''': The expression of the anadromous migratory life cycle.

'''Anastomosing (Channel)''': [https://wildearthlab.com/2023/04/12/channel-types/ Read more here.] Contrast with ''Braided.''

[https://efotg.sc.egov.usda.gov/references/Public/VA/GuidelinesforDefinitionsoftheAPE.pdf '''APE''']: Area of Potential Effects of projects on historic properties. Projects must complete an APE assessment to comply with the National Historic Preservation Act.

'''Aquifer:''' an underground layer of rock or earth that holds ''groundwater.'' Aquifers feed springs and wells.

'''Avulse''': when the flow of a river is diverted and forms new channels. See ''Anastomosing.''

'''(Stream) Bank''': The sloping ground that borders a stream.

'''Barrier''': Obstacles to fish ''passage''. Barriers don't just prevent fish from moving upstream but can also prevent them from moving downstream. They include manmade structures like ''culverts'' and ''dams'', waterfalls, low water flow, high stream temperatures, poor water quality, etc.

* 100% Barrier: Under no conditions can fish pass the barrier.
* Partial Barrier: Under certain conditions (seasonal high flows, floods), fish can pass the barrier, but not generally. Degree of passability indicated with a percentage.
* Seasonal Barrier: Under recurring seasonal conditions, a barrier occurs (such as high temperatures or low flows).

'''Base''' '''Flow:''' The sustained low flow of a stream in between ''precipitation'' events. Fed by ''groundwater'' seeping into the stream.

'''BDA''': Beaver dam analog. Human-constructed habitat features that function like a beaver dam--holding back water to inundate the ''floodplain'' and raise the ''water table''. BDA's may be installed to get the benefits of beaver dams in places without beavers, or to encourage beavers to settle in a particular area.

'''Bedrock''': The solid rock that lies underneath soil or stream gravels. When stream velocity is too high, stream gravels can get washed downstream, eventually exposing bedrock. Bedrock is unsuitable for ''spawning.''

'''Braided (Channel)''': Contrast with ''Anastomosing.''

'''cfs''': Cubic feet per second, a common unit for quantifying streamflow

'''CD''': Conservation District. CD's are county-level natural resource conservation organizations coordinated by the [https://www.scc.wa.gov/ WA Conservation Commission].

'''(In-stream) Complexity''': The amount of variety in suitable habitat (in the stream) for all needs of a species; for fish, this includes the amount and distribution of deep pools, amount of ''large woody debris'', variety in ''substrate'' (gravel size), etc. Habitat restoration tools include ''ELJ's, BDA's'', etc.

'''Connectivity''': Refers to the ability of a species to move unimpeded between adjoining, accessible habitats of different types and sufficient quantity and quality to support various life stages of a species; especially critical to migratory species such as anadromous salmonids. See ''Passage''.

'''''Core Area''': The USFWS uses this term to define the basic unit on which to gauge recovery. For bull trout, a core area represents the closest approximation of a biologically functioning unit (metapopulations).''

'''(Barrier) Correction''': The process of taking a manmade barrier to fish passage (e.g., culverts, dams) and either removing the barrier or making it easier for fish to pass through/around it.

'''Culvert''': Structures that allow water to flow under a road, railroad, trail, or other waterway obstruction. An undersized or improperly placed culvert can limit or totally block fish ''passage''.

'''Dam:''' A physical structure running the width of a river system to capture or impound water. Some fish species are very poor jumpers and cannot get past even low height dams. Contrast with ''Diversion, Weir''.

'''DEM''': Digital Elevation Model

'''Diversion''': a structure that redirects water from a natural stream for another purpose, such as irrigation. Diversion projects may include the construction of ''dams, weirs, levees'', pumping stations, irrigation canals, or any other manmade structure that modifies the natural flow of a waterway. These structures can be harmful to fish if the fish are redirected along with the water into the irrigation system (''see entrainment'') or if the fish get caught on the water intake structure.

'''DPS''': Distinct population segment, a term applied to a fish stock if it is a) substantially reproductively isolated from other stocks, and b) an important component in the evolutionary legacy of the species. ''A DPS is larger than an MPG (Major Population Group), which is larger than a Population. The Yakima Basin MPG is within the Middle Columbia DPS ([https://ybfwrb.org/yakipedia/index.php/File:YSRP_Image_1.1_Mid_Columbia_DPS.png see map]).''

'''EA''': Environmental Assessment

'''EIS''': Environmental Impact Statement

'''ELJ''': Engineered Log Jam. ELJ's mimic natural log jams, which provide [https://www.whatcomcounty.us/DocumentCenter/View/71084/NIT_LogJamFactSheet_updated-091522 numerous benefits] to fish.

'''Endangered''': Endangered species are at risk of extinction throughout a significant portion of their range. ''Contrast with Threatened.''

'''Entrainment''': when a fish goes through or over a dam/barrier such that it can't get back over. Think of fish getting stuck in irrigation ditches when headgates get closed in the Fall, or going through a dam by accident and not being able to go back upriver.

'''ESA''': [https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-endangered-species-act Endangered Species Act].

* '''ESA-listed''': a species or sub-population of a species that is either considered “endangered” with extinction or “threatened” with becoming endangered. In the Yakima Basin, we have no “endangered” fish species, but we have two ESA-listed “threatened” fish species, steelhead (the anadromous form of rainbow trout) and bull trout. These are the highest priority species the Recovery Board works to recover.

'''Estuary:''' a transitional, brackish habitat where a large river meets the sea and mixes with saltwater. Generally more biologically productive than the river or the sea; read more [https://www.britannica.com/science/estuary here].

'''''ESU:''' Evolutionarily Significant Unit''

'''Extirpation:''' Elimination of a species from a particular area. Coho and sockeye salmon were extirpated from the Yakima Basin in the 1900's; the Yakama Nation is reintroducing them using hatchery fish, but the original ''population'' is ''{thought to be?} extinct.''

'''[https://www.britannica.com/science/river/Floodplains Floodplain]''': The relatively flat areas adjacent to river channels that are partially or totally flooded in flood events. A floodplain is “well-connected” when water is able to spread out from the main channel in flood events (as opposed to a “channelized” stream that has been artificially straightened or restricted by manmade structures). Well-connected floodplains have numerous ecological benefits—they lead to less intense flood events by allowing the water to disperse and slow down, give young fish a refuge from being swept downstream, and more.

* '''X-year Floodplain''': The area which has a 1/X annual chance of flooding. For example, a 100-year floodplain has a 1/100 or 1% annual chance of flooding, while a 2-year floodplain has a ½ or 50% annual chance of flooding.

'''Flume''': An artificial channel to maintain fish passage during stream dewatering. They are constructed above-ground, as opposed to a trench. When Gold Creek or Box Canyon Creek dewater seasonally, WDFW organizes "flume build" volunteer events to quickly construct flumes for Bull Trout.

'''Fluvial''': Of, or found in, a river. Also: A life history of fish species in which spawning by adults and rearing of juveniles occurs in tributaries, but the subadults and adults occupy habitats in larger streams and mainstem rivers. ''Contrast with Adfluvial, Anadromous.''

'''FMO''': Feeding, migrating, overwintering.

'''Freshet''': a great rise or overflowing of a stream caused by heavy rains or melted snow.

'''Fry''': A juvenile salmonid that has consumed its yolk sac, about 1-2 inches long. Following life stages include ''Parr'' and ''Smolt''.

'''FS''': Forest Service (also, Forest Service road)

[https://www.britannica.com/science/genotype '''Genotype''']: The genotype of an organism is the chemical composition of its DNA, which gives rise to the phenotype, or observable traits of an organism.

'''Groundwater''': water that has infiltrated the soil beyond the surface and collected in empty spaces underground. Vital for ''Base Flows.''

'''(Fish) Hatchery''': a facility that breeds, hatches, and rears fish for aquaculture (fish farms) or to supplement natural populations. Hatcheries are an important part of maintaining ''salmonid'' ''abundance'' in the Yakima Basin while habitat restoration and ''passage'' projects are completed, as well as supporting recreational fishing. See ''YKFP, WDFW.''

'''Headgate''': a gate for controlling the water flowing into a channel (such as an irrigation ditch). See ''Diversion.''

'''Heterozygosity''': An estimate of the amount of genetic variation in a population.

'''HPA''': Hydraulic Project Approval. Administered by ''WDFW''.

'''Incision''': The process of a stream cutting its channel into the bed of a valley through erosion. An "incised" channel is one that has cut so deeply into the bed that it is disconnected from its ''floodplain''.

'''ID''': Irrigation District, a public entity which owns water rights and distributes water for irrigation

'''Introduction''': Fish planted into a habitat where the species did not exist historically.

'''Introgression,''' aka '''Introgressive Hybridization''': the transfer of genetic material from one species into the gene pool of another. Introgression is an issue for bull trout, ''as they will breed with the invasive brook trout for lack of enough other bull trout to breed with, leading to hybrid offspring that will not contribute to the recovery of bull trout''

'''[https://www.oria.wa.gov/site/alias__oria/4217/jarpa.aspx JARPA]''': Joint Aquatic Resources Permit Application. A single application that allows project sponsors to apply for more than one permit at a time; created by multiple regulatory agencies working together to streamline the environmental permitting process.

[https://www.engr.colostate.edu/~pierre/ce_old/classes/ce717/PPT%202020/Blake%20-%20J-hooks.pdf '''J-Hook''']: a stream restoration structure that protects against erosion and creates pools.

'''Kelt''': a salmonid that has recently spawned and is recovering. Unlike Pacific salmon, trout (and Atlantic salmon) don’t all die after spawning, and anadromous (as opposed to ''resident'') trout can return to the ocean before spawning again.

'''Kelt Reconditioning'''. An experimental method where steelhead are captured during the post spawning migration and held in a facility until the spawning window of the following year, at which point they are released to return to natal streams to spawn again.

'''Large Woody Debris''': Wood pieces larger than 16" in diameter. Important for stream health; may be added to streams where it is lacking as part of restoration projects.

'''Legacy''' '''Effects''': Impacts from past activities (usually a land use) that continue to affect a stream or watershed in the present day.

'''Levee:''' ''An earthen low ridge or embankment along the edges of a stream or river built to prevent flooding of adjacent land. Levees cut off rivers from their floodplains and wetland areas, which denies important side channel habitat to fish and increases stream velocity to inhospitable speeds.''

'''Life History Strategy''': the age- and stage-specific patterns and timing of events that make up an organism's life, such as birth, weaning, maturation, reproduction, and death. See ''Adfluvial, Anadromous, Fluvial,'' and ''Resident''.

'''LOA''''':'' Landowner Agreement. A contract spelling out the conditions under which a project can be conducted on private property. (?)

'''LWD''': see ''Large Woody Debris''.

'''Mainstem''': Term applied to the principal channel of a major stream or river. Mainstems are fed by numerous tributaries that compose a watershed.

'''Meander''': An extreme U-bend in the course of a stream, usually occurring in a series.

[https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/habitat-conservation/mitigation-banks-conservation-banks-and-lieu-fee-programs-west#what-is-mitigation '''Mitigation''']: efforts to prevent, reduce, or compensate for adverse effects of various activities to aquatic habitats and species (e.g., transportation projects)

* [https://www.epa.gov/cwa-404/mitigation-banks-under-cwa-section-404 '''Mitigation''' '''Banking''']: a method of mitigation compensation.
* [https://wdfw.wa.gov/publications/00972 Washington Alternative Mitigation Policy Guidance]

'''MPG''': Major Population Group. ''See DPS.''

'''OHWM''': Ordinary High-Water Mark

'''Parr''': Once ''fry'' have grown to about 5 inches and developed vertical fingerprint marks on their sides called “parr marks”, they are considered ''Parr.'' If they are ''anadromous'', when they journey to the ocean to mature, they become ''Smolts.''

'''Passage''': Describes whether a fish is able to move upstream or downstream freely. See ''Barrier,'' ''Connectivity,'' and ''(Barrier)'' ''Correction.''

'''Phenotype''': The observable characteristics of an organism (such as its external appearance, development, biochemical or physiological properties, and behavior) that result from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. ''Contrast with Genotype.''

* '''Phenotypic''' '''characteristic''': An aspect of the phenotype.

'''PIT''' '''tag''': Passive Integrated Transponder tag (a tracking device implanted in fish to study their movements). ''See Radio Telemetry.''

'''Population''':

'''Precipitation''': Rain, snow, hail, etc. "Precip" for short.

'''Productivity''': The average number of surviving offspring per parent. Used as an indicator of a population’s ability to sustain itself or its ability to rebound from low numbers.

'''Radio''' '''Telemetry''': Transmission of data from tags attached to an animal that transmit radio signals. The signals are read at either fixed receiving stations or by mobile tracking devices. Radio tags for fish are usually inserted into the stomach or surgically into the body cavity.

'''''Recovery Unit (bull trout)''': A USFWS term for one of the nested units delineated for recovery efforts. Biologically, recovery units are considered groupings of bull trout for which gene flow was historically or is currently possible. The Yakima Core Area is one of many core areas within the Middle Columbia recovery unit, and there are multiple recovery units within the Distinct Population Segment (DPS).'' Used widely?

'''Redd''': A salmonid spawning bed, or "nest". Redds are dug by female salmonids in streambed gravels, and females deposit and bury eggs into them. Redds can be distinguished in the streambed gravel by a cleared depression and an associated mound of gravel directly downstream.

'''Resident''': Life history strategy in which the entire life cycle occurs in a water body, such as that of resident Ahtanum Creek bull trout, which occur in small headwater streams.

[https://wdfw.wa.gov/get-involved/regional-fisheries-enhancement-groups '''RFEG''']: Regional Fisheries Enhancement Group. Nonprofits created in 1990 through the Regional Fisheries Enhancement Group (RFEG) Program to involve local communities, volunteers, and landowners in WA's salmon recovery efforts.

'''Rip''': Short for "Riparian."

'''Riparian''': relating to, living on, or located on the bank of a natural watercourse (such as a river), or sometimes of a lake or a tidewater. Commonly referred to as “rip” for short.

'''Riprap''': rocky material placed along shorelines, bridge foundations, steep slopes, and other shoreline structures to protect from scour and erosion

'''RM''': River Mile. River miles count upward from a stream’s lowest point (where it either joins a larger stream or meets the ocean. Or a lake with no outlet, but that doesn't matter for our purposes). So, “Yakima River RM 0” would be the confluence with the Columbia River, “Naches River RM 0” would be where the Naches River joins the Yakima River, etc.

'''RME''': Research, monitoring, and evaluation

'''Rock barb''': ''(stream barbs?)'' a low rock sill structure angled upstream to decrease flow stresses on a bank. They are designed to redirect streamflow away from the near bank region.

'''Rootwads''': A root wad is a bank stabilization and aquatic habitat improvement strategy that involves burying a dead tree into the streambank with the root system still attached. Benefits of installing root wads include bank stability, fish habitat and insect habitat

'''S&T''': Status & Trends.

'''Salmonid''': Fish of the family Salmonidae, including salmon, trout, chars, grayling, and whitefish. In general usage, the term most often refers to salmon, trout, and chars (subfamily Salmonidae).

'''''Salvelinus confluentus''''': Bull Trout.

'''[https://www.tu.org/scientific-case-lower-snake/sar-and-why-its-important/ SAR]''': Smolt-to-Adult Ratio--the percentage of smolts that survive and return to spawn. An important metric for tracking the impact of the hydropower system on salmon and steelhead and how sustainable the rates of returning adults are over time.

'''Smolt''': A fish that is migrating out to the ocean.

* '''Smoltification''': is a series of bodily changes that salmonids undergo to transition from a freshwater to saltwater environment.

'''Spawning Adult''': Spawning adult salmonids look distinct from their adult ocean counterparts; depending on the species, their body color changes from silver to shades of brown, green, or red. The males of some species develop a hooded snout, humped back, and elongated teeth. Salmonids do not feed once they leave the ocean and begin the migration to their freshwater spawning grounds; they spend all their energy navigating back to their natal streams to spawn. After spawning, Pacific salmon die. Some trout (and Atlantic salmon) become ''Kelts''.

'''Stochastic''': Describes a natural event or process that is random or unpredictable. Examples include environmental conditions such as rainfall, runoff, and storms, or life-cycle events, such as survival or fecundity rates.

'''Subpopulation''': Groups of local populations between which migration is presumed to occur.

'''Supplementation''': The release and management of artificially propagated fish in streams with the intent to increase or establish naturally spawning fish populations while minimizing associated genetic and ecological risks.

('''Stream) Substrate''':

'''Thalweg''': the center of the mainstem of a river/the main flow path of a river

'''Thermal Refugia''':

'''Threatened''': A status of a species that is likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range—as defined in the Endangered Species Act. ''Contrast with Endangered.''

[https://www.epa.gov/tmdl/overview-total-maximum-daily-loads-tmdls '''TMDL''']: Total Maximum Daily Load. A TMDL is the calculation of the maximum amount of a pollutant allowed to enter a waterbody so that the waterbody will meet and continue to meet water quality standards for that particular pollutant.

'''Trib''': Short for "Tributary."

'''Tributary''': A river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake. Commonly referred to as “trib” for short.

'''USGS''': US Geological Survey

[https://www.vsp.wa.gov/ '''VSP''']: Voluntary Stewardship Program. The VSP offers counties and agricultural landowners farm-friendly options for protecting fragile and/or hazardous natural resources — referred to as “critical areas” — in places where agricultural activity is conducted.

* Also: Viable Salmonid Population (not in current wide usage).

''Wasting/mass wasting??''

'''Watershed''': A catchment area of a sloping landscape that collects precipitation and drains the resulting surface and groundwater.

'''Water Table''': the level in the soil below which ''groundwater'' fills any spaces between sediments and within rock, referred to as the saturated zone.

'''Weir''': a small dam in a stream or river to raise the water level upstream or divert its flow (see ''Diversion''). Weirs allow water to flow over their top, unlike dams.

'''WRIA''': Water Resource Inventory Area. Term for WA watersheds; the Yakima Basin has WA WRIA’s 37, 38, and 39. Commonly pronounced, “Rye-uh.”

'''Young of Year (YOY)''': Fish born within the past year. Life stage overlaps with ''Fry''.

==== '''Technical Resources''' ====
[https://www.cbr.washington.edu/dart '''DART''']: Data Access & Retrieval Tool (UW’s database that includes tons of data on fish in the Columbia Basin)

[https://geodataservices.wdfw.wa.gov/hp/fishpassage/index.html '''FPDSI''']: Fish Passage & Diversion Screening Inventory (tells you where fish passage barriers are; not comprehensive)

[https://www.adfg.alaska.gov/static/home/library/pdfs/habitat/adfg_hr_id_cards_v1.1.pdf Juvenile Salmonid and Small Fish Identification Aid]

[https://geo.wa.gov/maps/wdfw::statewide-washington-integrated-fish-distribution/about '''SWIFD''']: State-Wide Integrated Fish Distribution database (tells you which fish live where)

=== '''Organizations''' ===
'''[https://www.bia.gov/bia BIA]''': Bureau of Indian Affairs

[https://www.blm.gov/ '''BLM''']: Bureau of Land Management

'''[https://www.bpa.gov/ BPA]''': Bonneville Power Administration (federal hydropower marketing administration within the Dept of Energy; a source of grant funds)

'''BTWG''': Bull Trout Working Group. A group local to the Yakima Basin that updates and monitors progress on the Yakima Bull Trout Action Plan (YBTAP).

'''''CBFWA''': Columbia River (Basin?) Fish and Wildlife Authority''

[https://critfc.org/ '''CRITFC''']: Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission

'''DFW''': See WDFW.

[https://ecology.wa.gov/ '''DOE''']: Department of Ecology

[https://wsdot.wa.gov/ '''DOT''']: Department of Transportation

[https://www.dnr.wa.gov/ '''DNR''']: Department of Natural Resources

[https://www.epa.gov/ '''EPA''']: Environmental Protection Agency

'''FS''': See USFS.

'''FWS''': See USFWS.

[https://rco.wa.gov/salmon-recovery/governors-salmon-recovery-office/ '''GSRO''']: Governor’s Salmon Recovery Office (partners with RCO)

[https://www.kccd.net/ '''KCCD''']: Kittitas County Conservation District

[https://www.kittitasconservationtrust.org/ '''KCT''']: Kittitas Conservation Trust

[https://kid.org/ '''KID''']: Kennewick Irrigation District

[https://www.kittitasreclamationdistrict.org/ '''KRD''']: Kittitas Reclamation District

[https://midcolumbiafisheries.org/ '''MCF(EG)''']: Mid-Columbia Fisheries (Enhancement Group)

'''''ICTRT''': Interior Columbia Technical Recovery Team''

'''[https://www.noaa.gov/ NOAA]''': National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. Their fisheries department, [https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/ NOAA fisheries], helps fund SRFB grants via the PCSRF. Also regulates offshore fisheries in federal waters and implements ESA and Manguson Act programs that protect marine fish, including salmon and steelhead, and their habitats.

* '''[https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about-us NMFS]''': National Marine Fisheries Service (the division of NOAA also referred to as NOAA fisheries)

'''[https://www.npcc.org/ NPCC]''' (formerly NPPC): Northwest Power & Conservation Council (created following the 1980 Northwest Power Act to “inform and advance a regional vision for power and fish & wildlife in the Columbia Basin”)

[https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/about '''NRCS''']: National Resources Conservation Service, the USDA’s primary private lands conservation agency

'''[https://northyakimacd.wordpress.com/ NYCD]''': North Yakima Conservation District

'''[https://www.usbr.gov/ Reclamation]''' (also '''BOR''', '''USBR'''): Bureau of Reclamation, a water management agency in the Western US. Federal manager of the Yakima Project irrigation water infrastructure and a source of grant funds.

[https://rco.wa.gov/ '''RCO''']: Recreation & Conservation Office (Lead Entities are contracted through this office. Elizabeth Butler works for RCO as the Yakima Basin's regional grant manager)

[https://rco.wa.gov/boards/salmon-recovery-funding-board/ '''SRFB''']: Salmon Recovery Funding Board (commonly pronounced "Surfboard") which runs the annual grant round for all Lead Entities across the state.

'''[https://www.svid.org/ SVID]''': Sunnyside Valley Irrigation District

'''SWG''': Steelhead Working Group. A group local to the Yakima Basin that updates and monitors progress on the Yakima Steelhead Recovery Plan (YSRP). This group hasn’t been convened since 2014 (?); to be reconvened asap to update the YSRP.

[https://www.sycd.us/ '''SYCD''']: South Yakima Conservation District

'''[https://www.tu.org/ TU]''': Trout Unlimited

'''[https://www.usda.gov/ USDA]''': United States Department of Agriculture

'''[https://www.fs.usda.gov/ USFS]''': United States Forest Service.

'''[https://www.fws.gov/ USFWS]''': United States Fish & Wildlife Service

'''[https://wdfw.wa.gov/ WDFW]''' (also, '''DFW'''): Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife

'''[https://washingtonrcd.org/ WRCD]''': Washington Resource Conservation & Development council

[https://www.washingtonwatertrust.org/ '''WWT''']: Washington Water Trust

'''[https://ybfwrb.org/ YBFWRB]''': Yakima Basin Fish & Wildlife Recovery Board

[https://yakimabasinintegratedplan.org/ '''YBIP'''] habitat subcommittee: a subcommittee of the Yakima Basin Integrated Plan, a 30-year collaborative water resource plan (2013-2045). The Lead Entity coordinates with this committee to fund projects in the Yakima Basin.
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-XN7txx9Lbc Reclamation's video on the YBIP]

'''[https://yakamafish-nsn.gov/ YKFP]''': Yakima-Klickitat Fisheries Project ''This project does have FT staff, right? It's got its own department?''

'''[https://yakamafish-nsn.gov/about-us/about-yakama-nation YN]''': Yakama Nation

'''YRBWEP''': Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project ''Is this the name of the group we met with in Dec?''

'''YSPB''': Yakima Subbasin Fish and Wildlife Planning Board (a precursor organization to the Yakima Basin Fish & Wildlife Recovery Board)

[https://www.kccd.net/ytahp '''YTAHP''']: Yakima Tributary Access & Habitat Program

=== '''Legislation, Programs, & Plans''' ===
'''CCA''': Climate Commitment Act (legislation passed in WA in 2023). Initiative I-2117 (2024) aimed to repeal the CCA, but it did not pass.

[https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-endangered-species-act '''ESA''']: Endangered Species Act

'''GMA''': Growth Management Act. ''See [https://www.vsp.wa.gov/ VSP].''

'''National Historic Preservation Act''': ''See APE.''

'''PPFL''': Planned Project Forecast List.

'''''SMA''': Shoreline Management Act''

'''[https://srp.rco.wa.gov/ SRP]''': Salmon Recovery Portal.

[https://yakimabasinintegratedplan.org/ '''YBIP''']: Yakima Basin Integrated Plan, a 30-year collaborative water resource plan (2013-2045)

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-XN7txx9Lbc Reclamation's video on the YBIP]

'''(Y)[https://ybfwrb.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/YBTAP-9-2012-FINAL-small.pdf BTAP]''': (Yakima) Bull Trout Action Plan. The primary guiding document for bull trout recovery in the Yakima Basin. The Bull Trout Working Group (BTWG) updates and monitors progress on the plan. This glossary borrowed from the BTAP's glossary (Pg. 217).

'''YSBP''': Yakima Sub-Basin Plan

[http://www.ykfp.org/ '''YKFP''']: Yakima Klickitat Fisheries Project

[https://www.usbr.gov/pn/programs/yrbwep/ '''YRBWEP''']: Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project (a BOR project enacted by Congress, 1979-present), one product of which is the YBIP

[https://ybfwrb.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/YakimaSteelheadPlan.pdf '''YSRP''']: Yakima Steelhead Recovery Plan. The primary guiding document for steelhead recovery in the Yakima Basin. Updated by the Steelhead Working Group (SWG); last updated in 2009.

* [https://ybfwrb.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/YakimaSteelheadVSPMonitoringPlan.pdf Yakima Steelhead RME Plan VSP Section]: This is a supplement to the YSRP completed in 2011. This glossary borrowed from its glossary (Pg. 57).

[https://www.kccd.net/ytahp '''YTAHP''']: Yakima Tributary Access & Habitat Program

=== '''Grant Round Terms''' ===
'''[https://ybfwrb.org/grant-program/citizens-committee/ CC]''': Citizen Committee

'''LE''': Lead Entity (There are 25 across WA. Ours includes the TAG, the CC, the LE Coordinator, and a grant administrator—the YBFWRB Board of Directors)

'''NMI''' '''(Needs More Information)''': A rating the SRFB review panel can give projects, typically following site tours; means the review panel needs more information before they can either clear the project or designate it a POC (Project of Concern). A project might pass easily by supplying the requested additional information, or might not. See ''POC''.

'''PCSRF''': Pacific Coastal Salmon Recovery Fund (a source of grant funding; established by Congress to reverse the decline of West Coast salmon. Managed by NOAA fisheries). Commonly pronounced, "pack-surf".

'''POC''' '''(Project of Concern)''': a rating the SRFB review panel can give projects, typically following site tours; means the SRFB review panel has such significant concerns about a project that it recommends that the SRFB not fund the project. Lead Entities typically remove POC’s from the annual funding list they submit to the SRFB (though there is an appeals process through which a Lead Entity can ask the SRFB to fund a POC.)

'''[https://secure.rco.wa.gov/PRISM/search/ProjectSearch.aspx PRISM]''': RCO’s online database for grant management. Pronounced like the word, “prism.” (It stands for “Performance and Registration Information Systems Management”, but nobody calls it that.)

'''RFP''': Request for Proposal (to solicit grant applications)

'''RP''': SRFB State Review Panel

'''SARM''': Salmon Recovery Model (a project scoring matrix developed by the TAG)

'''Sponsor''': Shorthand used to refer to SRFB grant applicants/project sponsors.

'''[https://ybfwrb.org/grant-program/technical-advisory-group/ TAG]''': Technical Advisory Group

'''TI''': Targeted Investments. A grant program for large projects (over $1M) that takes place in even numbered years.

=== '''Geography''' ===
'''Bonneville Dam''': the most downstream dam on the Columbia River.

'''The Dalles Dam''': the second most downstream dam on the Columbia River.

'''Gap-to-Gap''': The 10-mile stretch between Selah Gap and Union Gap

'''John Day Dam''': the third most downstream dam on the Columbia River, and second dam downstream of the Yakima River.

'''Naches River''': A tributary of the Yakima River; ''a major population group of steelhead and bull trout. ??? Just for purposes of YSRP and BTAP?''

'''McNary Dam:''' the first dam on the Columbia River downstream of the Yakima River.

'''Prosser Dam''': a dam on the Yakima River mainstem in Prosser, WA. Commonly called just "Prosser".

'''Roza Dam''': a dam on the Yakima River mainstem in the Yakima River Canyon. Commonly called just "Roza."

'''Satus Creek''': A tributary of the Yakima River on the Yakama Reservation; ''a major population group of steelhead.''

'''Toppenish Creek''': A tributary of the Yakima River on the Yakama Reservation; ''a major population group of steelhead.''

'''Upper Yakima''': Refers to the entire watershed that is upstream of Roza; ''a major population group of steelhead and bull trout.''